As quantum computing emerges as the next big leap in information technology, a fierce global patent race has taken shape, with the United States and China at the forefront. Benefiting from sustained, long-term investment, the United States has secured a dominant position in the quantum computing patent arena. To date, it has accumulated a staggering 18,649 patents in quantum technology, with notable strengths in three key areas: quantum computing, quantum communication, and quantum sensing. Meanwhile, China is rapidly closing the gap. By 2025, the annual number of patent applications in China's quantum computing sector is projected to soar to 128,000, marking a year-on-year increase of 32.7%. Significantly, over 60% of these applications pertain to core technologies such as qubit manipulation and quantum error correction, forming a well-rounded and strategic patent portfolio. In contrast, South Korea holds a meager share of less than 3% in this highly competitive field. The global quantum patent landscape is increasingly being shaped by the duopoly of the United States and China.