On June 29, news broke that the proposal for the 'Beijing Key Laboratory of Space-Based Intelligent Computing Systems,' jointly submitted by the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology (CAICT), in collaboration with Leike Defense, Beijing Institute of Technology, and North China University of Technology, has received the green light for establishment from the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission and the Administrative Commission of Zhongguancun Science Park. Space-based computing, a pivotal aspect of integrated terrestrial-space computing synergy, is designed to enable real-time on-orbit data processing and intelligent applications by implementing high-performance AI computing systems in space. Yet, the field is currently beset with numerous obstacles, such as the formidable challenge of distributed collaborative computing for on-orbit computational payloads, constraints in processing chip performance, inadequate high-reliability general-purpose computing capabilities, technical hurdles in high-power-density energy dissipation engineering, and the complexities associated with deploying intelligent algorithms in space. To overcome these hurdles, the laboratory will concentrate on four key areas: overall architecture, processing chips, computing platforms, and intelligent algorithms. It will uphold collaborative innovation throughout the entire hardware-software chain, persistently surmount key technological barriers, and ultimately construct a comprehensive system capable of scalable engineering applications, thereby facilitating intelligent on-orbit processing of multi-type application data.