NVIDIA announced its collaboration with six supply chain partners to jointly expand global manufacturing capabilities, aiming to meet the growing market demand for accelerated computing and full-stack AI factory platforms. The cooperation covers four major areas: substrates, advanced packaging, semiconductor testing, and optical packaging optics. In terms of substrates, NVIDIA plans to increase its required substrate production capacity to 2.5 times the current level over the next three years. To achieve this, it will provide billions of dollars in prepayments to Ibidon's Ono plant in Japan to support its expansion. It is expected that starting from the first quarter of 2028, the plant will gradually release twice the additional capacity. Meanwhile, NVIDIA has introduced Samsung Electro-Mechanics into its substrate supply chain, with immediate shipments to support the upgrading and new construction of its plants in Sejong and Busan, South Korea. By 2028, NVIDIA is expected to account for a significant proportion of Samsung Electro-Mechanics' packaging substrate capacity. Additionally, NVIDIA is facilitating the expansion of Unimicron's KF substrate production through capacity reservation agreements, with capacity ramping up from the second quarter of 2027 and reaching full production by 2028. In the field of advanced packaging, NVIDIA will collaborate with Amkor to expand advanced packaging capacity in South Korea, aiming to increase interposer wafer capacity by over 300% by the end of 2028. For testing, NVIDIA has already paid $1.1 billion in prepayments to King Yuan Electronics to support the construction of new capacity in Singapore and the United States. It is expected that the new capacity in Singapore will commence mass production in February 2027, followed by the United States in April of the same year, to meet NVIDIA's doubled testing demand from 2026 to 2027. In the area of optical packaging optics, NVIDIA will work with SPIL to significantly boost CPO optical engine capacity, targeting a 15-fold increase by mid-2027 and another doubling by the end of 2028.