According to IBM's official website, IBM, in collaboration with multiple institutions, has achieved 'quantum advantage' in three independent experiments. The experiments, based on IBM's latest Quantum Heron R3 superconducting quantum computing system and incorporating novel error mitigation techniques, demonstrated and verified the efficiency, low cost, and accuracy of quantum computing in certain tasks compared to classical computing. The first study focused on the Floquet transverse-field Ising model, using the 'Fugaku' supercomputer to verify quantum computing results. The complexity of the problems was gradually increased until classical computing reached its limits, while quantum computing continued to perform. The second study employed different error mitigation schemes, applying the model to another class of computational problems. As the problem size increased, classical computing produced inconsistent results, while quantum computing maintained stable outputs. The third study designed a novel quantum circuit by increasing the number of T gates, which are difficult to simulate, rendering classical computers unable to complete the simulation while controlling quantum computing errors to ensure reliable results.
