As the market demand for new energy vehicles and energy storage systems continues to surge, overcoming the energy density bottlenecks in lithium-ion batteries has become a paramount goal for both industry and academia. Lithium-rich manganese-based layered oxides stand out by achieving higher specific capacities than traditional ternary materials, thanks to anionic oxygen redox reactions. Furthermore, the abundance and cost-effectiveness of manganese-based materials make them highly promising candidates for the next generation of high-energy-density cathode materials, drawing considerable attention from both sectors. Nevertheless, this material faces a significant challenge: severe voltage hysteresis. After the initial cycle, there is a notable irreversible decay in operating voltage, leading to battery energy conversion efficiency dropping below 80%. Additionally, the voltage continues to decrease during prolonged cycling, which severely impacts battery lifespan and system management, posing a substantial barrier to commercialization.
