Chinese scientists have triumphantly engineered the world's lightest wireless mesoscopic microscope, named Airscope, which tips the scales at a featherlight 1 gram. This groundbreaking microscope boasts the capability to meticulously record neural activity within the mouse cerebral cortex, achieving single-cell resolution across a 6-millimeter field of view. Remarkably, it can simultaneously capture the activity of over 8,500 neurons in a single mouse—a staggering 25-fold increase compared to existing devices of its kind. This remarkable feat has been duly recognized and published in the esteemed journal Nature. The development of this microscope is the result of a collaborative effort between the research teams led by Dai Qionghai and Dai Pu. Through meticulous integrated design and systematic optimization, Airscope attains single-cell resolution observation, with precision down to 4 to 6 micrometers, within its 6-millimeter field of view, utilizing a mere four aspherical lenses.