On April 9, the team led by Academician Xie Heping from Sichuan University and Shenzhen University published their research findings on direct hydrogen production from seawater in Nature Reviews: Clean Technologies. This study, for the first time, incorporated the multi-factor coupling effects of real marine environments into the research framework for hydrogen production from seawater. It systematically established a comprehensive understanding spanning from microscopic reaction mechanisms to macroscopic engineering scale-up, and innovatively proposed a systematic evaluation framework for the large-scale industrial application of direct seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production. Additionally, the research expanded its perspective from ideal laboratory systems to real-world marine engineering scenarios, constructing a multidimensional systematic evaluation framework that encompasses material performance, interfacial processes, device structure, marine environmental factors, and the adaptability of renewable energy. This provides clear and quantifiable guidance standards for the optimization of the entire technology chain, engineering design, and large-scale scale-up of hydrogen production from seawater.