TSMC's Arizona-based factory in the United States is under substantial financial strain, experiencing a steep decline in profits. In Q2 2025, the facility reported a profit of NT$4.232 billion. However, this figure plummeted to just NT$41 million in Q3, reflecting a staggering 99% drop. While setting up a factory in the U.S. aligns with American customers' demands for manufacturing reshoring and contributes to forging a more robust semiconductor supply chain, the venture has faced a multitude of operational hurdles. Notably, construction costs have far surpassed initial projections.

The main driver behind the profit slump is the expedited shift of the Arizona plant's second facility to cutting-edge process nodes like 3nm. This transition has necessitated significant investments in costly process equipment, substantially inflating operational outlays. Moreover, chip manufacturing costs in the U.S. are inherently elevated due to soaring local labor and construction expenses, coupled with a dependence on externally recruited core technical expertise. It is anticipated that, for the foreseeable future, TSMC's U.S. operations will continue to exhibit lower profitability compared to its other regional ventures.