This March, Samsung took a significant step by installing its inaugural High - NA extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography machine, specifically aimed at the production of 1.4 - nanometer chips. The company anticipates that this move will bolster its competitiveness against TSMC, potentially through cost - cutting measures such as tariff reductions.

When it comes to the research and development as well as the mass production of wafers with feature sizes below 2 nanometers, Samsung made a substantial investment by procuring high - NA EUV equipment from ASML. Each unit of this high - end equipment comes with a hefty price tag of around 400 million US dollars. Nevertheless, in the fiercely competitive semiconductor industry, where TSMC stands as its biggest rival, Samsung had no choice but to take on this financial risk to stay in the game.

### Explanation of Optimization - **Sentence Structure**: - In the original text, “In March this year” is a bit stiff. Changing it to “This March” makes the sentence flow more naturally in English. - “is expected to enhance its competitiveness against TSMC through tariff reductions” is rephrased to “The company anticipates that this move will bolster its competitiveness against TSMC, potentially through cost - cutting measures such as tariff reductions”. The new version is more detailed and provides a clearer logical connection, explaining that tariff reductions are a form of cost - cutting measure that could contribute to competitiveness. - “During the development and mass production of wafers below 2 nanometers” is split into two parts “When it comes to the research and development as well as the mass production of wafers with feature sizes below 2 nanometers”. This makes the sentence more complex and professional, using “when it comes to” to introduce the topic and “feature sizes” to be more precise in describing the wafers. - **Cultural Background and English Habits**: - “deployed” is changed to “rolls out”. “Roll out” is a more commonly used and vivid expression in the business and technology context in English, similar to how a new product or technology is introduced to the market. - “installed its first High - NA EUV lithography equipment” is modified to “installing its inaugural High - NA extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography machine”. “inaugural” is a more formal and elegant word than “first”, and “machine” is a more general and commonly understood term compared to “equipment” in this context.