Nobel laureate David Baker recently received the Croonian Medal from the Royal Society of London. In his award lecture, he focused on the breakthrough advances in AI-assisted protein design achieved over the past year or two, noting that this technology has, for the first time, given humanity the ability to program matter at the molecular level and has already established a clear technological development path. At present, the challenge of binding proteins to specific targets is close to being solved, and the field's focus is shifting toward designing switch proteins that can be activated under specific conditions to achieve precise functional regulation. The new-generation protein generation model RFD4 has substantially improved the success rate of de novo enzyme design, and multiple artificially designed proteases have performed excellently in applications such as disease treatment, drug synthesis, and gene editing—while biocatalytic approaches can circumvent the limitations of large-scale protein production. The technology also extends into the field of industrial materials, offering new pathways for rare earth separation and the directed synthesis of inorganic materials. Research on hinge proteins that can switch conformations under light control has laid the foundation for building molecular machines capable of cyclic operation, with the long-term goal of creating protein-based computing systems. Currently, the capability boundaries of AI protein design are rapidly expanding, application scenarios continue to broaden, and the space for development is vast.