NVIDIA is currently undertaking a significant expansion of long-haul fiber-optic networks across the United States, securing substantial dark fiber resources. Each network path could feature up to 100 fiber pairs, and leveraging cutting-edge optical communication technologies, the potential data transmission capacity may soar to the petabit-per-second (Pb/s) range. Earlier analyses estimate that NVIDIA's investment in this communications network initiative could range from $5 billion to $10 billion over the next three years. Market rumors suggest a strong connection between this project and NVIDIA's AI infrastructure operations, as it aims to diminish dependence on major cloud service providers and offer AI infrastructure connectivity solutions to both emerging cloud providers and enterprise clients. Concurrently, NVIDIA might merge GPU computing capabilities, network connectivity, and AI software ecosystems to pioneer a GPU cloud service paradigm. Consequently, optical communication equipment makers, notably Ciena, which has been frequently cited, stand to gain. In recent times, NVIDIA has consistently bolstered its AI network infrastructure deployment.