At the 2025 Bund Summit, Richard S. Sutton, the Canadian computer scientist who clinched the 2024 Turing Award, highlighted that the human data dividend is nearing its peak. Artificial intelligence, he noted, is stepping into an "Era of Experience" focused on continuous learning, a phase with far greater potential than anything seen before. Sutton argued that most of today's machine - learning systems simply transfer human knowledge to static AI models, lacking the ability to generate new knowledge or engage in continuous learning.

The "Era of Experience," as Sutton described it, demands that intelligent agents directly interact with the world to create new data streams—a process mirroring how humans and other animals learn. He stressed that experience forms the bedrock of all intelligence, encompassing observation, action, and reward. To fully harness the power of this new era, Sutton pointed out, we must rely on continuous learning and meta - learning—two technologies still in their infancy. Moreover, he expressed the belief that AI replacement is an unavoidable part of human development. He called for a decentralized collaborative approach to ensure a win - win outcome between AI and humanity.