Amid the burgeoning wave of intelligence sweeping through the automotive sector, intelligent driving and driver assistance have emerged as the focal points. Alongside this trend, a host of professional terms have surfaced, including L2, L3, NOA, AEB, ACC, LKA, and so on. These terms denote various levels and functions of autonomous driving technology. The levels of autonomous driving, ranging from L0 to L5, are defined by the International Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE International), spanning from no automation at all to full automation. L0 represents purely manual driving, where the driver is in complete control. In contrast, L1 offers limited assistance, such as adaptive cruise control, which helps maintain a set speed and distance from the vehicle ahead. L2 can simultaneously manage acceleration, deceleration, and steering, yet it still necessitates constant driver monitoring to ensure safety. L3 marks the era of conditional autonomous driving, enabling drivers to take their hands off the wheel briefly in specific scenarios. L4 is on the verge of achieving full autonomous driving, requiring no human intervention whatsoever in designated areas. Finally, L5 stands as the ultimate goal, where vehicles can operate safely in all scenarios without the need for a steering wheel. NOA, short for Navigate on Autopilot, integrates navigation data to facilitate more intelligent driving operations. However, it still falls under the L2 level, indicating that driver supervision is still required. AEB, or Automatic Emergency Braking, is capable of automatically applying the brakes when there is an imminent risk of collision, enhancing safety. ACC, Adaptive Cruise Control, automatically adjusts the vehicle's speed based on the distance to the vehicle ahead, ensuring a smooth and safe driving experience. LKA, Lane Keeping Assist, aids the vehicle in staying within its designated lane, preventing unintended lane departures. Collectively, these technologies are propelling the intelligent development of the automotive industry, paving the way for a safer, more efficient, and enjoyable driving experience.
