During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China's photovoltaic industry has evolved its international expansion strategy, transitioning from mere product sales to a model encompassing technology and capital exports. By establishing local factories and adopting a diversified geographical footprint, the entire photovoltaic industry chain in China is now collaborating to achieve comprehensive global reach. Notably, the overseas revenues of leading listed photovoltaic companies have witnessed substantial growth in recent years. Nevertheless, the dynamic and unpredictable nature of the international trade landscape presents fresh challenges for Chinese photovoltaic enterprises. Interviewees emphasized the importance of addressing sustainability issues during this globalization process, including deploying localized distribution and service networks, fostering mutually beneficial partnerships with local stakeholders, and proactively embracing social responsibility.