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The research team, headed by Professor Wang Jian from the Center for Quantum Materials Science at Peking University’s School of Physics, in collaboration with other researchers, deliberately introduced disorder by depositing clusters of iron atoms in-situ onto a crystalline iron-based high-temperature superconductor—a monolayer film of Fe(Te,Se) measuring approximately 0.59 nanometers in thickness. Leveraging scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, they successfully observed, for the first time in a two-dimensional unconventional high-temperature superconductor, the distinct local spectroscopic features of a disorder-triggered quantum phase transition from a superconducting to an insulating state. This breakthrough shed light on the localized nature of Cooper pairs within the insulating state.
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