In 2024, both China and the global community witnessed remarkable strides in science and technology. Among the top 10 scientific and technological advancements in China, we have: Chang'e-6's successful sampling mission on the far side of the moon, the groundbreaking development of brain-inspired complementary vision chips, the official commissioning of the first ocean drilling vessel, "Mengxiang," the world's first Pb-level ultra-high-capacity optical disc storage technology, the launch of the "Tianguan" satellite, the introduction of a novel solution for liquid helium-free ultra-low temperature refrigeration, the publication of universal CAR-T treatment outcomes, the creation of a super microscope, scientists observing the graviton mode in condensed matter, and the Qinghai-Tibet scientific expedition's drilling of the world's longest mountain ice core. On the global stage, the top 10 scientific and technological news includes: the 3D printing of functional human brain tissue, Google's release of a new quantum chip, significant discoveries by the Euclid space telescope, scientists mapping the largest brain gene regulatory network, the advent of an ultra-precise 3D map of cancer cells, the successful development of a bilingual brain-reading device, SpaceX's successful test flight of the "Starship," stem cell therapy successfully restoring human vision, the completion of a live human-to-pig kidney transplant surgery, and the successful trial of a long-acting HIV vaccine. These milestones not only highlight the latest scientific and technological advancements but also foster the dissemination of cutting-edge scientific knowledge.