According to TrendForce's latest research on the wafer foundry sector, the surge in AI-related demand since 2023 has resulted in a severe capacity crunch for 3nm to 2nm wafers, as well as 2.5D/3D packaging solutions. Notably, the persistent scarcity of CoWoS (Chip-on-Wafer-on-Substrate) packaging has caused bottlenecks in the supply chain for essential production equipment, packaging substrates, and critical raw materials. The front-end 3nm manufacturing process, which is exclusively provided by TSMC, faces particularly acute capacity constraints, making it a highly competitive area among technology firms.
