Van der Waals layered ferroelectric materials are characterized by atomically smooth interfaces, robust in-plane covalent bonds, and weak interlayer van der Waals forces. These features make them an ideal platform for achieving controllable spontaneous polarization and topological configurations even at extremely thin dimensions. The materials also exhibit multiple coupling effects, including ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity, and flexoelectricity, which grant them significant potential for applications in next-generation high-density non-volatile memory systems, low-power logic devices, neuromorphic computing, and topological electronics.
