Microsoft's CEO, Satya Nadella, emphasized that the advent of generative AI is driving Microsoft to fundamentally rethink and reshape its business model. To facilitate this transformation, he has enlisted Rolf Harms, a key executive who played a pivotal role in steering Microsoft's cloud business transformation 15 years prior, to take on the role of AI economics advisor. In 2010, Harms authored the influential white paper "The Economics of Cloud Computing," which set the stage for Microsoft's subsequent success in the cloud computing realm. Presently, the AI sector is embroiled in debates regarding the return on investment. Following a period of cautious investment in its early stages, Microsoft has now ramped up its commitment. Nadella articulated that Microsoft must revisit and redefine the economic rationale underlying the AI era, constructing novel frameworks such as AI factories, in a manner reminiscent of how it revolutionized its cloud business. Harms' purview will be further broadened. He will collaborate closely with Microsoft's top-tier management to offer strategic counsel on how diverse sectors can align with the economic paradigms of the AI era. Additionally, he will chart the transformation trajectories for existing businesses and oversee the incubation of nascent ventures.